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Amorphous carbon has a wide range of properties that are primarily controlled by the different bond hydridisations possible in such materials. This allows for the growth of an extensive range of thin films that can be tailored for specific applications. Films can range from those with high transparency and are hard diamond-like, through to those which are opaque, soft and graphitic-like. Films with a high degree of sp3 bonding giving the diamond-like properties are used widely by industry for ha...

The focus of this book is the remarkable advances in understanding of low pressure RF (radio frequency) glow discharges. A basic analytical theory and plasma physics are explained. Plasma diagnostics are also covered before the practicalities of etcher use are explored.

This book presents the latest results of quantum properties of light in the nanostructured environment supporting surface plasmons, including waveguide quantum electrodynamics, quantum emitters, strong-coupling phenomena and lasing in plasmonic structures. Different approaches are described for controlling the emission and propagation of light with extreme light confinement and field enhancement provided by surface plasmons. Recent progress is reviewed in both experimental and theoretical invest...

This text addresses testing problems and solutions arising from the size and complexity of modern semiconductor memory chips. It includes discussion of: memory fault models; test objectives; testing algorithms; hardware approaches for minimizing test time; and reliability testing and prediction.

This thesis examines the unique properties of gallium arsenide (GaAs)-based quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers for optical communication networks, introducing readers to their fundamentals, basic parameters and manifold applications. The static and dynamic properties of these amplifiers are discussed extensively in comparison to conventional, non quantum-dot based amplifiers, and their unique advantages are elaborated on, such as the fast carrier dynamics and the decoupling of gain and...

For emerging energy saving technologies superconducting materials with superior performance are needed. Such materials can be developed by manipulating the "elementary building blocks" through nanostructuring. For superconductivity the "elementary blocks" are Cooper pair and fluxon (vortex). This book presents new ways how to modify superconductivity and vortex matter through nanostructuring and the use of nanoscale magnetic templates. The basic nano-effects, vortex and vortex-antivortex pattern...

This book provides a unique account of the history of integrated circuit, the microelectronics industry and the people involved in the development of transistor and integrated circuit. In this richly illustrated account the author argues that the group of inventors was much larger than originally thought. This is a personal recollection providing the first comprehensive behind-the-scenes account of the history of the integrated circuit.

This book focuses on the use of semiconducting metal oxides as gas sensing materials, including the sensing mechanism and sensing materials modification approach, while also providing a comprehensive introduction to semiconductor gas sensing devices. As an essential part of IoT (Internet of things), gas sensors have shown great significance and promising prospects. Therefore, studies on semiconducting metal oxides, one of the most important gas sensing materials, have increasingly attracted atte...

This book examines the potential application of semiconductor materials for gas sensor production on the basis of their fundamental, theoretical, and experimental studies. Some of these materials or their composites were applied for semiconductor gas sensor production for the first time. Special attention is paid to the model materials A2B6, which are used in the form of films with biographic surface as well as with the surface doped by donor (In, Cd, Sn, Pt, Pd etc.) and acceptor (Se and others...

The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)technique for the preparation of ultrathin films of various organic, metallorganic, and polymeric compounds play an increasingly important role as a means or organising molecular materials at the microscopic level. The LB technique has many potential applications in molecular electronics, non-linear optics and conducting thin films. This book presents current research from across the globe in the study of Langmuir Monolayers, including the study of thermotropic liquid c...

We discuss mesoscopic models, which reflect the transport and reaction of the gaseous species through a homogeneous media in the chamber. The models include the conservation of mass and the porous media are in accordance with Darcy's law. The transport through the stationary and nonionised plasma field is treated as a diffusion-dominated flow, [60], where the metallic deposit and the gas chamber look like porous media. Based on these assumptions, we taken into account our expertise of modelling...

Since 1980, when first applied in the new lamp industry, chemical vapour deposition has been employed in a diverse group of technologies (Jacobson, 1982). At present, CVD plays vital role in microelectronics, wear and radiation resistant coatings, fibre-optics, and the purification and fabrication of exotic materials, from ultra-low expansion glasses to high purity refractory metals. CVD has four major advantages over most other thin film deposition techniques. First, the process allows tight co...

Copper based delafossite transparent semiconducting oxide thin films have recently gained tremendous interest in the field of optoelectronic technology, after the discovery of p-type conductivity in a transparent thin film of copper aluminium oxide (CuAlO2). Most of the well-known and widely used transparent conducting oxide thin films such as ZnO, SnO2, ITO etc. and their doped versions are n-type material, but corresponding p-type transparent conducting oxides were surprisingly missing for a l...

As the first comprehensive introduction into the rapidly evolving field of spintronics, this textbook covers ferromagnetism in nano-electrodes, spin injection, spin manipulation, and the practical use of these effects in next-generation electronics. Based on foundations in quantum mechanics and solid state physics this textbook guides the reader to the forefront of research and development in the field, based on repeated lectures given by the author. From the content: Low-dimensional semicond...

Semiconductor optoelectronic devices are at the heart of all information generation and processing systems and are likely to be essential components of future optical computers. With more emphasis on optoelectronics and photonics in graduate programmes in physics and engineering, there is a need for a text providing a basic understanding of the important physical phenomena involved. Such a training is necessary for the design, optimization, and search for new materials, devices, and application...

Advances in hardware technology have increased the capability to store and record personal data. This has caused concerns that personal data may be abused. This book proposes a number of techniques to perform the data mining tasks in a privacy-preserving way. This edited volume contains surveys by distinguished researchers in the privacy field. Each survey includes the key research content as well as future research directions of a particular topic in privacy. The book is designed for researcher...

Advanced Semiconductor Fundamentals, Second Edition, by Robert F. Pierret is an advanced level presentation of the underlying functional formalism routinely used in describing the operational behavior of solid state devices. The second edition provides an update of the topic presentation, semiconductor parametric information, and relevant references throughout the volume. There is also a 50% increase in the end-of-chapter problems. Given the success of the first edition, the second edition retai...