The inaugural lecture - delivered by the new Rhodes Professor of Race Relations in November 1987 - focuses on the development of the Chair's, and Oxford's, approach to Africa and stresses the importance of their undefined responsibilities to race relations. Dr Ranger notes that since the chair was established in 1953, Cecil Rhodes' name has become incongruous with the idea of race relations. He goes on to discuss the roles of David Livingstone, Arthur Shearly Cripps and Jan Christian Smuts in the history of race relations in southern Africa, and the question of what Oxford could then give to Africa. He hopes that his ten years in the Chair will see further development of Oxford as a centre for African studies and a contributor to race relations.