Series:

The MIT Press

2 total works

Cover of Disclosing New Worlds
"Spinosa, Flores, and Dreyfus have written a rich, ambitious book on the free enterprise system and the sort of democratic community it presupposes. "Disclosing New Worlds" also represents a new way of doing philosophy, a new way of looking at business and a new way of looking at democracy. The underlying style and spirit of the book is unabashedly Heideggerian, although it is written much more clearly and down to earth than that might suggest. Their discussion of search divers practical topics as the rise of feminism, the founding of the personal computer business and the success of Mother Against Drunk Driving is both insightful and profound, "practical" philosophy at its very best." -- Robert C. Solomon, Quincy Lee Centennial Professor of Philosophy and Business, The University of Texas at Austin "Disclosing New Worlds" calls for a recovery of a way of being that has always characterized human life at its best. The book argues that human beings are at their best not when they are engaged in abstract reflection, but when they are intensely involved in changing the taken-for-granted, everyday practices in some domain of their culture--that is, when they are making history. History-making, in this account, refers not to wars and transfers of political power, but to changes in the way we understand and deal with ourselves. The authors identify entrepreneurship, democratic action, and the creation of solidarity as the three major arenas in which people make history, and they focus on three prime methods of history-making -- reconfiguration, cross-appropriation, and articulation. The book is filled with real-life examples of each kindof history-making. For example, the authors show how entrepreneurs like King Gillette not only change the material conditions of our lives but also effect new styles of behavior. The organization Mothers Against Drunk Driving provides an example of how virtuous democratic citizenship can change the way in which a culture lives. And Martin Luther King Jr. exemplifies the culture figure who cultivates solidarity by recovering a foundational practice that had been forgotten over time (in King's case, the practice of Christian love). According to the authors, there are two major perils to history-making in Western society. One is the Cartesian tradition, which celebrates stepping back from everyday life to understand the world on the basis of rational deliberation. Against this, the authors advocate an intense involvement in the anomalies of everyday life as a means to understand the world and the changes it needs. The second is the neo-Nietzschean tendency to embrace radical, individual change for its own sake. Now that anyone can log on to the Internet to try on a new personality, the authors argue, it becomes increasingly urgent that we retrieve our history-making skills, both in our everyday lives and in our public roles.

Cover of What Computers Still Can't Do
When it was first published in 1972, Hubert Dreyfus's manifesto on the inherent inability of disembodied machines to mimic higher mental functions caused an uproar in the artificial intelligence community. The world has changed since then. Today it is clear that "good old-fashioned AI," based on the idea of using symbolic representations to produce general intelligence, is in decline (although several believers still pursue its pot of gold), and the focus of the AI community has shifted to more complex models of the mind. It has also become more common for AI researchers to seek out and study philosophy. For this edition of his now classic book, Dreyfus has added a lengthy new introduction outlining these changes and assessing the paradigms of connectionism and neural networks that have transformed the field. At a time when researchers were proposing grand plans for general problem solvers and automatic translation machines, Dreyfus predicted that they would fail because their conception of mental functioning was naive, and he suggested that they would do well to acquaint themselves with modern philosophical approaches to human being. "What Computers Still Can't Do" was widely attacked but quietly studied. Dreyfus's arguments are still provocative and focus our attention once again on what it is that makes human beings unique.