Moderating Focus Groups

by Richard A. Krueger

Published 10 September 1997

Moderating Focus Groups is indispensable for those who want to improve their focus group moderating skills. Based on years of experience in moderating and training others to moderate, Richard A. Krueger offers scores of tips and sound advice on how to become a master in leading focus groups. The book is an easy-to-read overview of critical skills needed by moderators, the various approaches that successful moderators use, and strategies for handling difficult situations. Rookie moderators will find this book is an invaluable guide, and veteran moderators will discover tips and strategies for honing their skills.


Involving Community Members in Focus Groups is a must for those who want to teach others to conduct focus group interviews, particularly non-researchers in communities. Authors Richard A. Krueger and Jean A. King draw upon years of experience working with communities and present practical strategies for working alongside non-researchers. Krueger and King argue that volunteers can often gather and present results more effectively than professionals; However, a critical element is how the volunteers are prepared and the manner in which they work together. This book offers countless tips, advice, and exercises for preparing people to conduct focus groups, whether you are preparing a team to conduct a community study or teaching one person to help in a study.

Richard Krueger offers a rich and valuable discussion of focus group analysis that is sure to become a major guide in future focus group efforts. Because analyzing focus group data is different from analyzing data collected through other qualitative methodologies, it presents new challenges to researchers. Analyzing and Reporting Focus Group Results offers an overview of important principles guiding focus group research and suggests a systematic and verifiable analysis strategy. Krueger is not doctrinaire, but instead offers multiple approaches and invites others to share their strategies for analysis. The book is helpful for academic audiences, focus group practitioners, and the occasional moderator. And the straightforward approach contains hundreds of helpful tips. The reader of this volume is bound to find delightful strategies that will improve analysis.

Struggling with focus groups questions? Asking the right questions is critical in focus group interviewing. Developing Questions in a Focus Group describes a practical process for identifying powerful themes and offers an easy-to-understand strategy for translating those themes into questions. Richard A. Krueger suggests ways of categorizing, phrasing, and sequencing focus group questions. Going beyond material presented in his earlier books, Krueger shares ideas for questions that get participants actively involved in the focus group interview by asking participants to make lists, create report cards, sort pictures, draw, cut and paste, or participate in a mini-debate. The results of these activities not only yield insightful information but are also interesting and fun. This book helps make the process of developing good questions doable by outlining a process and offering many examples. After reading this book, your focus groups will never be the same.


You have just been asked to run a focus group, but you don′t know where to start. How do you get the right mix of people together? How many people should be in your group? What kind of questions should you ask? How do you phrase them? What do you do with the information you′ve gathered? How do you put it all together in one cohesive report? These are but a few of the issues that are covered in the Focus Group Kit. The kit provides you with all you′ll need to know to run a successful focus group, from the initial planning stages to asking questions, to moderating to the final analyzing and reporting of your research.

Planning Focus Groups

by David L. Morgan

Published 10 September 1997

Author David L. Morgan covers the wide range of practical tasks required in the course of a research project when using focus groups. Throughout, Planning Focus Groups emphasizes the clarifying purposes of the research project in order to collect data that meet the goals. The author extensively and concisely covers the basic decisions that are necessary to plan a research project using focus groups, such as who should be in the groups, the total number of groups, their size, and much more. This volume also features a detailed discussion of timelines, personnel, and budgets. Among the other topics covered are recruitment, selecting locations, and recording and managing data. Practical material includes checklists, recruitment tools, timelines, and budgets.


The Focus Group Guidebook

by David L. Morgan

Published 10 September 1997

Providing a general introduction to focus group research, The Focus Group Guidebook includes the appropriate reasons for using focus groups and what you can expect to accomplish with them. It provides a brief history of focus groups, a discussion of when to use focus groups and why, and several brief case studies illustrating different uses of focus groups. Author David L. Morgan also extensively provides the timeline and costs associated with focus groups, including a discussion of the ethical issues involved in focus group research. Thoroughly covering all the information to help you start your focus group project, this guidebook is appropriate for anybody beginning a focus group, as well as manager or clients who will be using focus groups.