Corporate social responsibility is a well-known concept in national law. However, new issues of corporate social responsibility have emerged. Responsibility to employees and wider issues, such as the need to minimize pollution, to protect consumer interests and to observe fundamental ethical and human rights standards, have also inspired new regulatory initiatives. This paper aims to examine how far issues of corporate social responsibility have found their way into the provisions of international investment agreements (IIAs).


Most international negotiations on foreign direct investment focus on issues involving the paired relationship between transnational corporations and host countries. This publication discusses the measures taken by host countries that influence the inflow of foreign direct investments. It identifies some of the major types of host country measures and looks at such issues as financial and fiscal incentives, investment insurance, market access regulations and extraterritorial controls.

Host country operational measures (HCOMs) capture the vast array of measures implemented by host countries concerning the operation of foreign affiliates once inside their jurisdictions. HCOMs in general terms are part of a broad policy regime aimed at enhancing national welfare. More specifically, they are implemented with the aim of influencing the location and character of investment and, in particular, its costs and benefits. This paper groups HCOMs into three categories and discusses them in the context of some of their restrictions at different international levels.














This publication takes a look at environmental concerns offering discussions in such areas as: general protection of the environment; preserving national regulatory space for environmental protection; attracting foreign direct investment; transfer of environmentally sound technology; and the transfer of environmentally sound management practices.