Building upon their command of common benchmark fractions, students add 1/3's, 1/8's, and 1/100's, and their decimal and percent equivalents, to their repertoire of part-whole relationships.

Students use the fractions 1/10, 1/2, 1/4, and 3/4; the decimals 0.1, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.75; and the percents 50%, 25%, 75%, 100%, and the multiples of 10% as benchmarks with which to describe and compare all part-whole relationships.

Students use various tools—objects, diagrams, tables, graphs, and equations—to understand proportional and non-proportional relationships.

Students solve problems with whole numbers using mental math strategies with benchmarks of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 to compute. Number lines, arrays, and diagrams support their conceptual understanding of number relationships and the four operations.

Students explore the features and measures of basic shapes. Perimeter and area of two-dimensional shapes and volume of rectangular solids provide the focus.

Students use the fractions 1/10, 1/2, 1/4, and 3/4; the decimals 0.1, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.75; and the percents 50%, 25%, 75%, 100%, and the multiples of 10% as benchmarks with which to describe and compare all part-whole relationships.

Students solve problems with whole numbers using mental math strategies with benchmarks of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 to compute. Number lines, arrays, and diagrams support their conceptual understanding of number relationships and the four operations. 

Students extend their understanding of the four operations with whole numbers as they puzzle over such questions as, "How is it possible that two fractions multiplied might yield a smaller amount?" and "What does it mean to divide one-half by six?"

Students collect, organize, and represent data using frequency, bar, and circle graphs. They use line graphs to describe change over time. They use benchmark fractions and the three measures of central tendency—mode, median, and mean— to describe sets of data.

Students use a variety of representational tools— diagrams, words, tables, graphs, and equations— to understand linear patterns and functions. They connect the rate of change with the slope of a line and compare linear with non-linear relationships. They gain facility with and comprehension of basic algebraic notations.

Students explore the features and measures of basic shapes. Perimeter and area of two-dimensional shapes and volume of rectangular solids provide the focus.