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This book reports on the development and application of a new uniaxial pressure apparatus that is currently generating considerable interest in the field of materials physics. The author provides practical guidelines for performing such experiments, backed up by finite element simulations. Subsequently, the book reports on two uses of the device. In the first, high pressures are used to tune to a Van Hove singularity in Sr2RuO4, while the effects on the unconventional superconductivity and the n...

Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM, also known as NSOM) is a new local probe technique with a resolving power of 10--50 nm. Not being limited by diffraction, near-field optics (NFO) opens new perspectives for optical characterization and the understanding of optical phenomena, in particular in biology, microelectronics and materials science. SNOM, after first demonstrations in '83/'84, has undergone a rapid development in the past two to four years. The increased interest has...

Die statistische Versuchsplanung (Design of Experiment, DoE) ist ein Verfahren zur Analyse von (technischen) Systemen. Dieses Verfahren ist universell einsetzbar und eignet sich sowohl zur Produkt- als auch zur Prozessoptimierung. Planung und Durchfuhrung von systematischen Versuchsreihen, zur Optimierung von Produkten oder Fertigungsprozessen mit engem Praxisbezug, sind das Hauptanliegen. Simulationsmodelle koennen durch statistische Versuchsplanung ressourcensparend eingesetzt werden, und Erge...

The monograph compares two approaches that describe the statistical stability phenomenon – one proposed by the probability theory that ignores violations of statistical stability and another proposed by the theory of hyper-random phenomena that takes these violations into account. There are five parts. The first describes the phenomenon of statistical stability. The second outlines the mathematical foundations of probability theory. The third develops methods for detecting violations of statisti...

This series of reference books describes sciences of different elds in and around geodesy with independent chapters. Each chapter covers an individual eld and describes the history, theory, objective, technology, development, highlights of research and applications. In addition, problems as well as future directions are discussed. The subjects of this reference book include Absolute and Relative Gravimetry, Adaptively Robust Kalman Filters with Applications in Navigation, Airborne Gravity Field...

This book presents the first simultaneous detection of neutrons and positrons after a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), a highest-energy transient phenomenon on the earth, triggered by a lightning discharge, based on innovative ground-based observations made in the Hokuriku area of Japan. TGFs, known to be produced by lightning discharges since the 1990s, has been theoretically predicted to react with atmospheric nuclei via photonuclear reactions because they comprise high-energy photons of mor...

Learn to apply the "dimensional method" to facilitate the design and testing of engineering and physical systemsNand greatly accelerate the development of products. This is the first book to offer a practical approach to modeling and dimensional analysis, emphasizing the interests and problems of the engineer and applied scientist. Packed with illustrations, graphs, numeric tables, and concrete case studies, this in-depth reference work explains both dimensional analysis and scale modeling...con...

This volume presents the latest ideas and developments in the world of beam diagnostics in particle accelerators and storage rings. It brings together papers by internationally recognized experts and by the younger scientists in the field. The lectures treat three main themes: - Phenomena used in beam observation - Single particle parameters - Collective parameters Each theme is introduced by one or more general lectures followed by detailed lectures on specific topics such as Schottky noise, cl...

In today's industrial companies, sensory evaluation is widely used in quality inspection of products, in marketing study and in many other fields such as risk evaluation, investment evaluation and safety evaluation. This book collects a number of representative methods on sensory evaluation. The book reports recent research results and provides a state of the art on intelligent techniques-based sensory evaluation in industrial applications. The focus is especially on theoretical/analytical solut...

This volume provides a topical and comprehensive survey on methods and tools for optical metrology and illustrates their areas of application. As manufacturing technologies and producion processes improve, so does the need for powerful measurement and testing tools. Optical metrology meets this demand by offering high accuracy and resolution, fast data acquisition, high information density and more flexibility In this handbook, the authors address the experimental details and practical applicati...

Reiner Thiele fuhrt in die polarisationsoptischen Grundlagen der Sensortechnik ein. Er zeigt dazu, ausgehend von einer Faraday-Effekt-Applikation zur Messung hoher elektrischer Stroeme, das Verfahren zum Test optischer und elektronischer Sensorkomponenten auf. Seine Testergebnisse erlauben die Erkennung von Schwachstellen im Sensor und fuhren auf Moeglichkeiten zu deren Kompensation. Daraus resultieren effiziente Methoden zur Elimination der stoerenden Doppelbrechung in optischen Kopplern.

This comprehensive volume summarizes and structures the multitude of results obtained at the LHC in its first running period and draws the grand picture of today’s physics at a hadron collider. Topics covered are Standard Model measurements, Higgs and top-quark physics, flavour physics, heavy-ion physics, and searches for supersymmetry and other extensions of the Standard Model. Emphasis is placed on overview and presentation of the lessons learned. Chapters on detectors and the LHC machine and...