Search results

Modern Techniques for Characterizing Magnetic Materials provides an extensive overview of novel characterization tools for magnetic materials including neutron, photon and electron scatterings and other microscopy techniques by world-renowned scientists. This interdisciplinary reference describes all available techniques to characterize and to understand magnetic materials, techniques that cover a wide range of length scales and belong to different scientific communities. The diverse contributio...

This thesis focuses on the energy band engineering of graphene. It presents pioneering findings on the controlled growth of graphene and graphene-based heterostructures, as well as scanning tunneling microscopy/scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STM/STS) studies on their electronic structures. The thesis primarily investigates two classes of graphene-based systems: (i) twisted bilayer graphene, which was synthesized on Rh substrates and manifests van Hove singularities near Fermi Level, and (ii) i...

Who is Ivan Stranski, you ask? If you Google his name you will find thousands of sites that talk about him. In fact, the Kossel-Stranski model of crystal growth and the Stranski-Krastanov mode of growth of thin epitaxial films are named after him - just two of the many scientific ideas and concepts Professor Stranski introduced to science (and through which a whole new field in science was born). Today thousands of physicists, chemists and materials scientists all over the world are working in t...

In this book, the authors present a comprehensive study of the effects of operating parameters (load, amplitude, frequency) on dry gross fretting of rough surfaces. It helps the reader to efficient surface preparations in order to monitor and reduce damage caused by fretting. It exposes the effect of surface topography on fretting, which is often neglected.

High quality optical components for consumer products made of glass and plastic are mostly fabricated by replication. This highly developed production technology requires several consecutive, well-matched processing steps called a "process chain" covering all steps from mold design, advanced machining and coating of molds, up to the actual replication and final precision measurement of the quality of the optical components. Current market demands for leading edge optical applications require hig...

Thin films have an extremely broad range of applications from electronics and optics to new materials and devices. Collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts from physicists, materials scientists, engineers and others have established and advanced a field with key pillars constituting (i) the synthesis and processing of thin films, (ii) the understanding of physical properties in relation to the nanometer scale, (iii) the design and fabrication of nano-devices or devices with thin film material...

This book is dedicated to recent advancements in theoretical and computational studies on the interactions of hydrogen and hydrogenated molecules with metal surfaces. These studies are driven by the development of high-performance computers, new experimental findings, and the extensive work of technological applications towards the realization of a sustainable hydrogen economy. Understanding of the elementary processes of physical and chemical reactions on the atomic scale is important in the di...

The unique electronic band structure of graphene gives rise to remarkable properties when in contact with a superconducting electrode. In this thesis two main aspects of these junctions are analyzed: the induced superconducting proximity effect and the non-local transport properties in multi-terminal devices. For this purpose specific models are developed and studied using Green function techniques, which allow us to take into account the detailed microscopic structure of the graphene-supercondu...

This book aims at identifying novel advanced materials of extreme wetting properties (MEWP) for practical, industrial applications. The state-of-the art superhdyrophobic, superhdyrophilic, superoleophobic, superoleophilic, and superomniphobic materials, that are MEWP, with respect to their technological and emerging industrial applications are discussed in this book. MEWP offer new perspectives providing numerous potential applications. Hence, these advanced MEWP have the potential to lead to a...

As technologists, we are constantly exploring and pushing the limits of our own disciplines, and we accept the notion that the efficiencies of new technologies are advancing at a very rapid rate. However, we rarely have time to contemplate the broader impact of these technologies as they impact and amplify adjacent technology disciplines. This book therefore focuses on the potential impact of those technologies, but it is not intended as a technical manuscript. In this book, we consider our pro...

This book introduces a variety of basic sciences and applications of the nanocomposites and heterostructures of functional oxides. The presence of a high density of interfaces and the differences in their natures are described by the authors. Both nanocomposites and heterostructures are detailed in depth by researchers from each of the research areas in order to compare their similarities and differences. A new interfacial material of heterostructure of strongly correlated electron systems is in...

This book covers the fundamental principles and physical phenomena behind laser-based fabrication and machining processes. It also gives an overview of their existing and potential applications. With laser machining an emerging area in various applications ranging from bulk machining in metal forming to micromachining and microstructuring, this book provides a link between advanced materials and advanced manufacturing techniques. The interdisciplinary approach of this text will help prepare stud...

A unique book detailing important new techniques for nanoscale optics and spectroscopy and their application in information technology. Written by internationally distinguished scientists, the coverage extends from the basics to the most advanced technologies, system characteristics and methods of manipulation.

This book presents a method for replicating natural butterfly wing scales using a variety of metals for state-of-the-art applications requiring high surface-enhancement properties. During the past decade, three dimensional (3D) sub-micrometer structures have attracted considerable attention for optical applications. These 3D subwavelength metallic structures are, however, difficult to prepare. By contrast, the 3D superstructures of butterfly wing scales, with more than 175 000 morphologies, are...

Chemical mechanical planarization, or chemical mechanical polishing as it is simultaneously referred to, has emerged as one of the critical processes in semiconductor manufacturing and in the production of other related products and devices, MEMS for example. Since its introduction some 15+ years ago CMP, as it is commonly called, has moved steadily into new and challenging areas of semiconductor fabrication. Demands on it for consistent, efficient and cost-effective processing have been steady....

This book reviews the development of antifouling surfaces and materials for both land and marine environments, with an emphasis on marine anti biofouling. It explains the differences and intrinsic relationship between antifouling in land and marine environments, which are based on superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity respectively. It covers various topics including biomimetic antifouling and self-cleaning surfaces, grafted polymer brushes and micro/nanostructure surfaces with antifouling...

This book presents the high-precision analysis of ground states and low-energy excitations in fractional quantum Hall states formed by Dirac electrons, which have attracted a great deal of attention. In particular the author focuses on the physics of fractional quantum Hall states in graphene on a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, which was recently implemented in experiments. The numerical approach employed in the book, which uses an exact numerical diagonalization of an effective model Hamilt...

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME 2020). This book, in particular, focuses on characterizing materials using novel techniques. It covers a variety of advanced materials, viz. composites, coatings, nanomaterials, materials for fuel cells, biomaterials among others. The book also discusses advanced characterization techniques like X-ray photoelectron, UV spectroscopy, scanning electron, atomic power, tr...

Angesichts begrenzter Energiereserven und zunehmender Umweltprobleme gewinnt der mogliche Einsatz photovoltaischer Solarzellen immer mehr an Bedeutung. Eine umfassende und ausserst anschauliche Einfuhrung in die halbleiterphysikalischen Grundlagen der Photovoltaik und ihre modernen Anwendungen gibt dieses einzigartige Grundlagenlehrbuch.

This book describes and illustrates metal spray and spray deposition from the process engineering, metallurgical, and application viewpoints. The authors include step-by-step fundamental information for the metal spray process and detail current engineering developments and applications. They offer industry insight on non-equilibrium solidification processes for yielding stable metal structures and properties.