A dense sheet of electrons accelerated to close to the speed of light can act as a tuneable mirror that can generate bright bursts of laser-like radiation in the short wavelength range simply via the reflection of a counter-propagating laser pulse. This thesis investigates the generation of such a relativistic electron mirror structure in a series of experiments accompanied by computer simulations. It is shown that such relativistic mirror can indeed be created from the interaction of a high-int...
Diffractive Optics for Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells (Springer Theses)
by Christian Stefano Schuster
This thesis introduces a figure of merit for light trapping with photonic nanostructures and shows how different light trapping methods compare, irrespective of material, absorber thickness or type of nanostructure. It provides an overview of the essential aspects of light trapping, offering a solid basis for future designs. Light trapping with photonic nanostructures is a powerful method of increasing the absorption in thin film solar cells. Many light trapping methods have been studied, but to...
Nanophotonic Chemical Reactions (Nano-Optics and Nanophotonics)
by Takashi Yatsui
This book introduces readers to the cutting-edge topic of nanophotonic photochemical reactions and their applications. From among the various innovations in optical technology achieved by means of the non-uniform optical near field, it focuses on photochemical reactions at the nanoscale. Optical near fields are the elementary surface excitations of nanometric particles with non-uniform field distributions. After reviewing the unique properties of the non-uniform optical field, the book presents...
Macro- and Micro-Mechanics of High Velocity Deformation and Fracture
by Keizo Kawata and J. Shioiri
The IUTAM Symposium on Macro- and Micro-Mechanics of High Velocity Deformation and Fracture (MMMHVDF) (August 12 - 15, 1985) was held at Science Council of Japan, under the sponsor ship of IUTAM, Science Council of Japan, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, The Commemorative Association for the Japan World Exposition (1970), and The Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences. The proposal of the symposium was accepted by the General Assembly of IUTAM, and the scientists mentioned...
Statistical Mechanics of Lattice Models (Mathematics and its Applications) (Ellis Horwood Series in Mathematics & Its Applications)
by G M Bell and D.A. Lavis
The book deals with all essential aspects of non-relativistic quantum physics up to the quantization of fields. In contrast to common textbooks of quantum mechanics, modern experiments are described both for the purpose of foundation of the theory and in relation to recent applications. In this respect applications to nano-electronics as well as the realization of quantum-bits are presented and discussed. Furthermore, links are made to other important research fields and applications, such as el...
This book helps readers comprehend the principles and fundamentals of defect engineering toward realization of an efficient photocatalyst. The volume consists of two parts, each of which addresses a particulate type of defects. The first, larger section provides a comprehensive and rigorous treatment of the behaviour and nature of intrinsic defects. The author describes how their controlled introduction and consequent manipulation over concentration, distribution, nature and diffusion is one of...
Chemistry and Physics of Nanostructures and Related Non-Equilibrium Materials
Contains the background information needed by students and NDT personnel who want to qualify for NDT Levels I, II, and III certification-in accordance with the American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (August 1984 edition). Contents follow the general outline of SNT-TC-1A. Includes typical chapter questions and answers, as well as information on recent state-of-the-art developments. In the case of Level III certification, the book is meant to suppleme...
Acoustic Metamaterials (Springer Series in Materials Science, #166)
About the book: This book is the first comprehensive review on acoustic metamaterials; novel materials which can manipulate sound waves in surprising ways, which include collimation, focusing, cloaking, sonic screening and extraordinary transmission. It covers both experimental and theoretical aspects of acoustic and elastic waves propagating in structured composites, with a focus on effective properties associated with negative refraction, lensing and cloaking. Most related books in the field a...
Advances in Engineering Plasticity and Its Applications
Classical plasticity is a well established domain of mechanics and engineering, providing the basis for many engineering structural design, manufacturing processes and natural phenomena. New important characteristics are emerging in the interdisciplinary approach of micro-, meso- and macro-mechanics, and through analysis, experiments and computation. The interaction of mechanics and materials scientists is introducing tremendous changes in the two disciplines, so that the possibility of material...
This book presents the practical application of ZnO nanostructures research and related materials for postgraduate students and researchers. It introduces ten years of pragmatic experimental evidence of ZnO nanostructures growth methods and presents the physics of fundamental properties of ZnO nanostructures such as optical, electrical, and magnetic properties.
Mechanics of Materials and Interfaces
by C S Desai and Chandrakant S. Desai
The disturbed state concept (DSC) is a unified, constitutive modelling approach for engineering materials that allows for elastic, plastic, and creep strains, microcracking and fracturing, stiffening or healing, all within a single, hierarchical framework. Its capabilities go well beyond other available material models yet lead to significant simpl
Micromechanics (Ifip Transactions, #37) (North-Holland Series in Applied Mathematics & Mechanics, v. 37)
by S Nemat-Nasser and M Hori
Charge Density and Structural Characterization of Thermoelectric Materials (Materials Research Foundations, #1)
by R. Saravanan
Recent Trends in Constitutive Modeling of Advanced Materials
Ten papers presented at the November 2000 symposium report theoretical, computational, and experimental approaches to modeling elastic, viscoelastic, plastic, and superplastic mechanical behavior. Topics include a constitutive model for twisted hybrid yarns, multiscale analysis of trabecular bone, d
Properties of Materials
by Professor of Chemistry Physics and Killam Research Professor in Materials Science Mary Anne White
Advanced Concepts and Architectures for Plasma-Enabled Material Processing
by Oleg O Baranov, Igor Levchenko, and Shuyan Xu
Plasma-based techniques are widely and successfully used across the field of materials processing, advanced nanosynthesis, and nanofabrication. The diversity of currently available processing architectures based on or enhanced by the use of plasmas is vast, and one can easily get lost in the opportunities presented by each of these configurations. This mini-book provides a concise outline of the most important concepts and architectures in plasma-assisted processing of materials, helping the rea...
Introductory kinetics for the undergrad materials scientist Materials Kinetics Fundamentals is an accessible and interesting introduction to kinetics processes, with a focus on materials systems. Designed for the undergraduate student, this book avoids intense mathematics to present the theory and application of kinetics in a clear, reader-friendly way. Students are first introduced to the fundamental concepts of kinetics, with illustrated diagrams, examples, text boxes, and homework questions t...
Defect and Diffusion Forum Vols. 121-122 (Defect and Diffusion Forum, Volumes 121-122)
Journal issue