Cliff Hague is a Past President of the Royal Town Planning Institute and President of the Commonwealth Association of Planners. He has been Professor of Planning and Spatial Development at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh and has extensive research and advisory experience throughout Europe.|Patrick Wakely is Emeritus Professor of Urban Development in London University and was formerly Director of the Development Planning Unit, University College London (1989-2003). An architect by training, he has research, consultancy, and teaching experience in housing and urban development in over 20 developing countries.