Sergio Bertelli is Professor of History at the University of Florence. He has published numerous books in Italian, one of which has been translated into English: Italian Courts of the Renaissance(1986). R. Burr Litchfield is Professor of History at Brown University and the author of Emergence of a Bureaucracy: The Florentine Patricians, 1530-1790, for which he received the 1987 Howard R. Marraro Prize of the American Historical Association. He has translated several historical works from Italian.