W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963) was the cofounder of the NAACP. He was educated at the University of Berlin and Harvard University, and he was the first African American to receive a PhD from Harvard. He taught at Wilberforce University in Ohio, the University of Pennsylvania, and Clark Atlanta University (where he established the department of social work). He is the author of numerous writings, including Worlds of Color; Africa in Battle against Colonialism, Racialism, Imperialism; and In Battle for Peace.