John Kendall previously worked as a commercial solicitor. He lectured on commercial dispute resolution in academic and professional settings. He was originally the sole author of Kendall on Expert Determination (5th edition, Sweet & Maxwell, 2014) and has written numerous articles. In retirement John worked as a custody visitor, and found it profoundly unsatisfactory. He undertook a self-funded research project and obtained access to the visitors, custody blocks, the police, and detainees. He was awarded a PhD for this research by the University of Birmingham, and this book is the result of that research.