Martha Sharp Joukowski is Professor Emerita of Old World Archaeology and Art and Anthropology at the Jouwkwski Insitute for Archaeology and the Ancient world at Browns University, Providence RI. She was trained as a Middle Eastern archaeologist. Her primary research interests are in Nabataean cultural history and she directed 10 years of excavations at the Petra Great Temple in Jordan. Her other wide ranging research interests include the domestication of plants and animals, the advent of Middle East urbanism and the varied cultural developments in Anatolia, Syro-Palestine, Mesopotamia, and ancient Iran, from the earliest times to the Hellenistic and Roman periods.