Stephen L. Vargo is a Shidler Distinguished Professor and Professor of Marketing at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. Prior to entering academia, Professor Vargo had a career in entrepreneurial business and consulted with many corporations and governmental agencies. Professor Vargo's primary areas of research are marketing theory and thought, and consumers' evaluative reference scales. He has been awarded honorary professorships and has held visiting positions at many leading universities worldwide and is the recipient of major awards for his contributions to marketing theory and thought.