India′s trade and industrialization policies and the export performance of the manufacturing sector during the 1970s and 1980s are examined in this book. These decades were marked by predominantly inward-oriented and protectionist policies which limited the role of international trade in India′s economy. As a result India lost a substantial share in the international market to newly industrializing countries, creating a serious balance-of-payments problem which led to dependence on foreign loans. The book includes a critical evaluation of the export performance of large companies. This analysis reveals that the export sector has become more diversified and capital intensive in recent years.