This book contains a collection of all the English-language publications from a project for the Transport Research Centre (AVV), the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Division (DWW) and Erasmus University Rotterdam. It's ultimate aim is to put forward building blocks for an alternative appraisal system for large-scale infrastructure that could actually be used when appraising and making decisions on transport infrastructure in the Netherlands. It has a decidedly scientific slant for the academic society. Therefore, it is published in the "TRAIL" publication series. The topic of the research is one that elicits much communal interest, and we trust that this volume will contribute to the academic debate.