This textbook attempts to cover the LEAG biology (17+) syllabus, and emphasises "real-life" biology in its coverage of such topics as the production of yoghurt, wine and antibiotics; industrial culture of micro-organisms; food additives; drug abuse; genetic engineering and genetic counselling. There are instructions for teachers on preparing practicals and lists of equipment and materials. The textbook is designed for use also as a backup for other GCSE biology syllabuses all of which devote at least 15% to personal, social, economic and technological applications.