In 1531, Pizarro led a small but well trained army along the Pacific Coast of the unexplored South America. With less than 200 men, he conquered the Inca empire, known as modern day Peru. Ages 8+years.

A Portuguese navigator whose initial voyage to India opened up the sea route from Western Europe to the East by way of the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1271, the ruler of the enormous Mongol Empire invited Marco Polo into his service, thus began Polo's 25 years of travel to the far corners of the Mongol empire. Ages 8+ years.

Magellan set out in 1519 with five ships to find a passage through the Americas. Such a passage, if it existed, would allow Spanish ships to follow a westward route to the East Indies. After months of fruitless searching, Magellan eventually found a narrow, dangerous sea passage at the bottom of South America - now called the Strait of Magellan.

Spanish legend claimed there were seven cities built of gold and filled with treasure in the New World. Today he is seen as a brave explorer and a careful observer of life in the Southwest. Ages 8+ years.



In 1577-1580, Drake led the second expedition to sail around the world. During his voyage he disproved the theory of the Northwest Passage and charted the North American Pacific coastline.