Pietro Blaserna and the Birth of the Institute of Physics in Rome (Springer Biographies)
by Miriam Focaccia
X-Ray Diffraction Imaging of Biological Cells (Springer Series in Optical Sciences, #210)
by Masayoshi Nakasako
In this book, the author describes the development of the experimental diffraction setup and structural analysis of non-crystalline particles from material science and biology. Recent advances in X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)-coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) experiments allow for the structural analysis of non-crystalline particles to a resolution of 7 nm, and to a resolution of 20 nm for biological materials. Now XFEL-CXDI marks the dawn of a new era in structural analys of non-crys...
Optofluidics, Sensors and Actuators in Microstructured Optical Fibers
Combining the positive characteristics of microfluidics and optics, microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) have revolutionized the field of optoelectronics. Tailored guiding, diffractive structures and photonic band-gap effects are used to produce fibres with highly specialised, complex structures, facilitating the development of novel kinds of optical fibre sensors and actuators. Part One outlines the key materials and fabrication techniques used for microstructured optical fibres. Microfluid...
Devised at the beginning of the 20th century by french physicists Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, the Fabry-Perot optical cavity is perhaps the most deceptively simple setup in optics, and today a key resource in many areas of science and technology. This thesis delves deeply into the applications of optical cavities in a variety of contexts: from LIGO's 4-km-long interferometer arms that are allowing us to observe the universe in a new way by measuring gravitational waves, to the atomic clocks...
Geomagnetics for Aeronautical Safety (Nato Security through Science Series C:)
This book shows how the science of geomagnetism contributes to effective use of the magnetic compass for navigation. The book uses techniques from Geology, Instrument science, Magnetism, Chaos theory and Potential Fields applied to the geomagnetic landscape of the Balkan region and surroundings. The editors and contributors have assembled a comprehensive review of measurement, analysis, mapping and forecasting of magnetic declination in support of aeronautical safety.
Information Modeling for Interoperable Dimensional Metrology
by Yaoyao (Fiona) Zhao, Robert Brown, Thomas R Kramer, and Xun Xu
Dimensional metrology is an essential part of modern manufacturing technologies, but the basic theories and measurement methods are no longer sufficient for today's digitized systems. The information exchange between the software components of a dimensional metrology system not only costs a great deal of money, but also causes the entire system to lose data integrity.Information Modeling for Interoperable Dimensional Metrology analyzes interoperability issues in dimensional metrology systems and...
Stochastic Cooling of Particle Beams (Lecture Notes in Physics, #866)
by Dieter Moehl
This lecture note describes the main analytical approaches to stochastic cooling. The first is the time domain picture, in which the beam is rapidly sampled and a statistical analysis is used to describe the cooling behaviour. The second is the frequency domain picture, which is particularly useful since the observations made on the beam are mainly in this domain. This second picture is developed in detail to assess key components of modern cooling theory like mixing and signal shielding and to...
An easy-to-read history of the metric system and explanation of its different units.
A Practical Guide to Surface Metrology (Springer Series in Measurement Science and Technology)
by Michael Quinten
This book offers a genuinely practical introduction to the most commonly encountered optical and non-optical systems used for the metrology and characterization of surfaces, including guidance on best practice, calibration, advantages and disadvantages, and interpretation of results. It enables the user to select the best approach in a given context. Most methods in surface metrology are based upon the interaction of light or electromagnetic radiation (UV, NIR, IR), and different optical effect...
A Digital Signal Processor for Particle Detectors (Springer Theses)
by Arild Velure
To cope with the new running conditions in the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, a new integrated circuit named SAMPA has been created that can process 32 analogue channels, convert them to digital, perform filtering and compression, and transmit the data on high speed links to the data acquisition system. The main purpose of this work is to specify, design, test and verify the digital signal processing part of the SAMPA device to accommodate the requirements of the detect...
Experimental Methods with Flows for Combustion (Combustion Treatise S., v. 5)
This is the fifth volume in the combustion treatise, aimed at practising engineers and advanced students. The volumes contain reviews of reference value to researchers in universities and industry. This volume discusses physical probes, laser-doppler velocimetry, (CARS coherent anti-strokes; raman spectroscopy) planar fluorescence imaging and multi-dimensional imaging. In the first chapter, "Basic Conditions", R.W. Bilger discusses why these new instruments are useful. He establishes the importa...
Digital Signal Processing for Measurement Systems (Information Technology: Transmission, Processing and Storage)
by Gabriele Dantona and Alessandro Ferrero
This excellent Senior undergraduate/graduate textbook offers an unprecedented measurement of science perspective on DSP theory and applications, a wealth of definitions and real-life examples making it invaluable for students, while practical.
This thesis describes novel approaches and implementation of high-resolution microscopy in the extreme ultraviolet light regime. Using coherent ultrafast laser-generated short wavelength radiation for illuminating samples allows imaging beyond the resolution of visible-light microscopes. Michael Zurch gives a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and techniques involved, starting from the laser-based frequency conversion scheme and its technical implementation as well as general considerati...
The complete, practical sourcebook for laser sensing and measurementThis is a systematic, up-to-date guide to laser instrumentation for sensing and measurement in contemporary scientific, industrial, automotive and avionics applications. Dr. Silvano Donati presents clear design rules and useful hints for practical implementation of a wide variety of laser instruments. For each type of instrument, the author outlines basic principles, physical limitations, reasonable performance expectations, opt...
Laser-based Environmental and Process Measurement
This book presents an overview of the latest in research and development of laser-based and optical measurement techniques, which are uniquely suited for environmental and industrial process analysis. Unlike conventional techniques, laser based equipment can work without direct physical contact with the measuring object, feature high measuring frequencies and can make simultaneous determination of several substances. The text records the work of a German national research program.
Laser Doppler Vibrometry
This book is a continuous learning tool for experienced technical staff facing laser vibrometry technology for the first time. The book covers both theoretical aspects and practical applications of laser Doppler vibrometry, and is accompanied by a multimedia presentation that allows the audience to browse the content and come as close as possible to performing real experiments. After a brief introduction, Chapter 2 presents supporting theory, providing general information on light sources, light...
Nanometrology Using the Transmission Electron Microscope (Iop Concise Physics)
by Vlad Stolojan
Laboratory Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Springer Series in Surface Sciences, #55)
by Michael Haschke
Micro-X-ray fluorescence offers the possibility for a position- sensitive and non-destructive analysis that can be used for the analysis of non-homogeneous materials and layer systems. This analytical technique has shown a dynamic development in the last 15 years and is used for the analysis of small particles, inclusions, of elemental distributions for a wide range of different applications both in research and quality control. The first experiments were performed on synchrotrons but there is a...
Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices
by National Institute of Standards and Tech
Electronic Measurements (Synthesis Lectures on Electrical Engineering)
by Farzin Asadi and Kei Eguchi
Measurement is the process of obtaining the magnitude of a quantity relative to an agreed standard. Electronic measurement, which is the subject of this book, is the measurement of electronic quantities like voltage, current, resistance, inductance, and capacitance, to name a few. This book provides practical information concerning the techniques in electronic measurements and knowledge on how to use the electronic measuring instruments appropriately. The book is composed of five chapters.Chapt...