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A fundamental problem in studying early modern Russian history is determining Russia's historical development in relationship to the rest of the world. The focus throughout this book is on the continuity of Russian policies during the early modern period (1450-1800) and that those policies coincided with those of other successful contemporary Eurasian polities. The continuities occurred in the midst of constant change, but neither one nor the other, continuities or changes alone, can account for...

How the Irish Revolution was shaped by international actors and events The Irish War of Independence is often understood as the culmination of centuries of political unrest between Ireland and the English. However, the conflict also has a vitally important yet vastly understudied international dimension. The Irish Revolution: A Global History reassesses the conflict as an inherently transnational event, examining how circumstances and individuals abroad shaped the course Ireland’s struggle for...

How do the metaphors we use to describe procreation affect our view of the relative worth of each gender? Carol Delaney discloses the powerful meanings condensed in the seemingly innocent images of "seed" and "soil." Drawing on her work in a small Turkish village of Sunni Muslims, she shows us that the images are categorically different, hierarchically ordered, and unequally valued. The ways in which the creation of a child is understood in Turkey furnish a key to understanding a whole range of...

One of the fastest growing ethnic populations in many Western societies is that of people of mixed descent. However, when talking about multicultural societies or ‘mixed race’, the discussion usually focuses on people of black and white heritage. The contributors to this collection rectify this with a broad and pluralistic approach to the experiences of 'mixed race' people in Britain and the USA. The contributors argue that people of mixed descent reveal the arbitrary and contested logic of ca...

This book is about ways to understand masculinity as systemic and corporeal, structural and performative all at once. It argues that the tension between an understanding of “masculinity” in the singular and “masculinities” in the plural poses a problem that can better be understood in relation to a concomitant tension: between systems on the one hand, and bodies on the other - between abstract structures such as patriarchy, kinship or even language, and the various concrete forms taken by gender...

Along with the rest of the world, the country of Turkey is beset by efforts to push women into a particular prototype. This collection of essays seeks to combat such efforts by delving below the surface of common stereotypes surrounding Turkish women. Encompassing such diverse fields of study as political science, economics, business, ethnography, history, and literature, this work gathers experts from around the world to explore various images attributed to or imposed upon Turkish women. Writte...

In the remote highlands of the country of Georgia, a small group of mountaindwellers called the Khevsurs used to express sexuality and romance in ways that appear to be highly paradoxical. On the one hand, their practices were romantic, but could never lead to marriage. On the other hand, they were sexual, but didn't correspond to what North Americans, or most Georgians, would have called sex. These practices were well documented by early ethnographers before they disappeared completely by the m...

Investigating the relationship between ethnic pride and prejudice in the divided community of Cyprus, this book focuses on the ethnic stereotypes that Greek and Turkish Cypriot secondary school students develop of each other and other ethnic groups in Cyprus.

In the 1980s the position of young blacks in British society became a key issue in the analysis of race relations. High levels of black youth unemployment and incidences of urban unrest focused attention on this group. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the state's role in this area of race relations. John Solomos examines the policies pursued by the state and related institutions towards young black in Britain from the 1940s to the 1980s. Referring to a wealth of original empirical mate...

This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.

First Published in 1993. From time to time the outbreak of hostilities in some part of the world or other brings to the notice of the Western media peoples of whose very existence they have previously been unaware. We may mention two such which have made headlines in 1989 and 1990: the Turks of Bulgaria and the Azerbayjanis of the Soviet Union and Iran. Too frequently, however, in interpreting such events, observers tend to attribute the conflict to the one factor which happens to be fashionable...

In The Minority Concept in the Turkish Context, Samim Akgönül presents a conceptual discussion of the term ‘minority’ from various perspectives, most notably history, sociology and political science. The concept of minority has a specific understanding in the Turkish political, sociological and legal context due to the Ottoman Millet system approach. The conceptual discussion is illustrated by three case studies: religious minorities in Turkey that are the result of the elimination policies dur...

This text addresses key issues concerning social care and social work, and discusses the background to some of the daily problems encountered by carers. The authors discuss topics such as race, social class, gender, age and sexual orientation, and look at the way society discriminates against certain individuals. Positive ways of combating the "marginalization" of clients of social care are suggested at both the individual and wider social level.

This important study offers detailed information obtained by interviewing 1505 Dutch respondents, all second-generation Turkish or Moroccan, alongside members of a native Dutch comparison group. The respondents, all aged 18-35 and residing in Amsterdam or Rotterdam, supplied information relating to their cultural, social and economic integration in the Netherlands. The book describes the strategies deployed to select and interview respondents, including an account of problems and adopted solutio...

Diese Studie analysiert aus komparativer Perspektive die Filmkultur in Spanien und der DDR zur Zeit der Neuen Kinos. Fern von klassischen westeuropäischen Zentren nahmen in diesen Jahren Filmenthusiasten (Filmklubmitglieder, Filmkritiker und -studenten, Archiv- und Festivalbesucher...) an einer Erneuerungswelle transnationalen Charakters teil, die eine Reaktion auf die traditionellen, oft mit staatlichen Initiativen verwobenen Filmlandschaften postulierte. Trotz politischer Einschränkungen wurde...

This book, bringing together a multi-voiced dialogue between academic scholars and professionals from diverse fields, shares a comprehensive and heterogeneous look at the interdisciplinarity of Galician Studies while examining  a chronologically broad range of subjects from the 1800s to the present.   This volume carves out a distinct approach to gender studies investigating issues of culture, language, displacement, counterculture artists, and community projects as related to questions of poli...