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The Raman effect results from inelastic light scattering and reveals molecular and materials specific vibrational patterns for characterization and identification. These proceedings report on the worldwide status of Raman spectroscopy, featuring biological, biomedical, imaging, art, ecological, industrial and forensic applications. The latest developments in surface and tip enhanced Raman, coherent methods, and studies of nanoparticles, semiconductors and novel carbon based materials are highlig...

Selecting illustrative examples from the recent literature, this reference studies the underlying principles and physics of a wide range of spectroscopic techniques utilized in the pharmaceutical sciences and demonstrates various applications for each method analyzed in the text-showing how knowledge of the mechanisms of spectroscopic phenomena may facilitate more advanced technologies in the field.

In the last decade multiphoton excitation microscopy has emerged as an important technique with ever increasing numbers of significant applications in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and medicine. This volume contains key papers on the following topics: developments of nonlinear optical spectroscopy and nonlinear scanning microscopy (SHG, CARS); theory and techniques of multiphoton excitation microscopy; development of laser sources; single-molecule studies; and applications to biolog...

Nanostructured materials have at least one dimension in the nanometer range. They became a very active research area in solid state physics and chemistry in recent years with anticipated applications in various domains, including solar cells, electronics, batteries and sensors. Nanocrystalline metals and oxides are dense polycrystalline solids with a mean grain size below 100 nm. This book is intended to give an overview on selected properties and applications of nanocrystalline metals and oxid...

This volume contains invited and contributed papers presented at the conference on ‘Microscopy of Semiconducting Materials’ held at the University of Cambridge on 2-5 April 2007. The event was organised under the auspices of the Electron Microscopy and Analysis Group of the Institute of Physics, the Royal Microscopical Society and the Materials Research Society. This international conference was the fifteenth in the series that focuses on the most recent world-wide advances in semiconductor stud...

This book describes the history of and recent developments in cobaltite and the spin-crossover (SC) phenomena. It offers readers an overview of essential research conducted on cobaltite and introduces them to the fundamentals of condensed matter physics research. The book consists of two parts. The first part reviews SC phenomena, covering the fundamental physics of SC phenomena and basic material properties of cobaltite. The second part focuses on recent topics in SC cobaltite, including the o...

As its name suggests, the 1988 workshop on "Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimen­ the wide variety of physical effects that are associated with (possibly sions" focused on strongly) correlated electrons interacting in quasi-one- and quasi-two-dimensional mate­ rials. Among the phenomena discussed were superconductivity, magnetic ordering, the metal-insulator transition, localization, the fractional Quantum Hall effect (QHE), Peierls and spin-Peierls transitions, conductance fluctuations and sl...

This volume provides a comprehensive and evaluated compilation of nuclear magnetic resonance data. Chemical shifts and coupling constants of boron-11 and phosphorus-31 (Subvol. A), fluorine-19, nitrogen-15, and oxygen-17 (Subvol. B), hydrogen-1 (Subvol. C), and carbon-13 (Subvol. D) compounds are tabulated together with the gross- and structure formulas and the most readily available solvents. The temperature or pH dependence, if reported in the original literature, is also indicated. Due to the...

The thesis presents experimental and theoretical results about the surface dynamics and the surface Dirac fermion (DF) spectral function of the strong topological insulators Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3. The experimental results reveal the presence of a strong Kohn anomaly in the measured surface phonon dispersion of a low-lying optical mode, and the absence of surface Rayleigh acoustic phonons. Fitting the experimental data to theoretical models employing phonon Matsubara functions allowed the extraction...

At present, there is an increasing interest in the prediction of properties of classical and new materials such as substitutional alloys, their surfaces, and metallic or semiconductor multilayers. A detailed understanding based on a thus of the utmost importance for fu microscopic, parameter-free approach is ture developments in solid state physics and materials science. The interrela tion between electronic and structural properties at surfaces plays a key role for a microscopic understanding...

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific aud...

This thesis addresses the development of a new force spectroscopy tool, correlation force spectroscopy (CFS) for the measurement of the properties of very small volumes of material (molecular to µm3) at kHz-MHz frequency range. CFS measures the simultaneous thermal fluctuations of two closely-spaced atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilevers.  CFS then calculates the cross-correlation in the thermal fluctuations that gives the mechanical properties of the matter that spans the gap of the two cant...

This volume contains a series of six lecture courses presented by some of the leading exponents in the field of low-temperature physics. Special emphasis is given to theoretical and experimental advances in our understanding of 3He, heavy fermion systems and high-Tc superconductivity. The book provide an ideal basis for graduate courses in low-temperature physics.

This book is the perfect link for learning how to perform the experiments after only having studied theory. In eight chapters more than 50 essential NMR experiments are described in detail. Special focus is put on the organic set of NMR spectra (1H, 13C-APT, COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC). Different chapters deal with advanced organic NMR, selective methods, heteronuclear NMR, relaxation and diffusion measurements, organic applications and maintenance. Every experiment has a section providing the r...

This book describes the latest developments in the new research discipline of X-ray nanochemistry, which uses nanomaterials to enhance the effectiveness of X-ray irradiation. Nanomaterials now can be synthesized in such a way as to meet the demand for complex functions that enhance the X-ray effect. Innovative methods of delivering the X-rays, which can interact with those nanomaterials much more strongly than energetic electrons and gamma rays, also create new opportunities to enhance the X-ray...

These are the proceedings of the SIMS VII, which was the seventh in a series of conferences held biennially. It was dedicated to the memory of Donald E. Harrison, Jr and his pioneering research in the mechanisms of ion beam sputtering and in the use of molecular dynamics simulations for the study of ion bombardment of solids. Other than the Harrison memorial papers, speakers at the conference covered three other major areas. These were: organic and biological analyses; enhancement techniques; an...

Engineering materials with desirable physical and technological properties requires understanding and predictive capability of materials behavior under varying external conditions, such as temperature and pressure. This immediately brings one face to face with the fundamental difficulty of establishing a connection between materials behavior at a microscopic level, where understanding is to be sought, and macroscopic behavior which needs to be predicted. Bridging the corresponding gap in length...

The publication entitled "Surface Studies by Scanning Tunneling Mi Rl croscopy" by Binnig, Rohrer, Gerber and Weibel of the IBM Research Lab oratory in Riischlikon in 1982 immediately raised considerable interest in the sur face science community. It was demonstrated in Reference R1 that images from atomic structures of surfaces like individual steps could be obtained simply by scanning the surface with a sharp metal tip, which was kept in a constant distance of approximately 10 A from the sa...

Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) is an integral part of analytical biochemistry. In a relatively short time, the variety of AAA methods has evolved dramatically with more methods shifting to the use of mass spectrometry (MS) as a detection method. Another new aspect is miniaturization. However, most importantly, AAA in this day and age should be viewed in the context of Metabolomics as a part of Systems Biology. Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols presents a broad spectrum of all available metho...

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in powerful proteomics technologies that allow greater fundamental insights into the blood proteome. Further developments in informatic analyses, software developments, and computational tools are providing insights into large data sets, open-source data along with large-scale application of bioinformatics. Serum/Plasma Proteomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a comprehensive resource of protocols for areas, pre-analytical through to a...