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"SpecInfo" provides an integrated spectroscopy solution for viewing, predicting, and searching spectra. "SpecInfo" collections cover three specialized fields: Infrared (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Mass Spectroscopy (MS). All the data included in "SpecInfo" are curated - databases are quality controlled at the point of data preparation and are sourced from reputable laboratories and peer-reviewed literature. The IR databases consist of two groups: the Polymer group and the Organic...

This monograph of Electro-Optical E?ects to Visualize Field- and Current- Distributions in Semiconductors consists of ?ve parts, four of which are based ontheresearchofcadmiumsul?de,wherealargenumberofcontributionswere made between 1958 and the late 1960s to directly observe ?eld and current distributionsandinterprettheirresults.Thevisualizationof?elddistributions was accomplished by using the Franz Keldysh e?ect, and the visualization of currentinhomogeneitiesusestheshiftoftheopticalabsorptione...

This monograph starts from basic science, especially solid-state physics, and moves onto the research and development of advanced materials. Emphasis is placed on the electronic and atomic structures and properties of transition-metal systems, liquid and amorphous materials, the nano-phase materials, layered compounds, martensite and other structurally transformed materials, and ordered alloys. The treatment also details physical aspects and principles of new materials, such as strong ferromagne...

Providing an important link between the theoretical knowledge in the field of non-linier physics and practical application problems in microelectronics, the purpose of the book is popularization of the physical approach for reliability assurance. Another unique aspect of the book is the coverage given to the role of local structural defects, their mathematical description, and their impact on the reliability of the semiconductor devices.

The complete database of all known (approximately 30,000) natural compounds from micro-organisms and higher fungi. An essential tool for pharmaceutical scientists involved in the development and discovery of new antibiotic compounds. All data has been collected from the primary and secondary literature and then carefully checked and validated. Antibase 2003 includes for each compound: - Descriptive data (molecular formula and mass, elemental composition, CAS registry number) - Physico-chemical d...

Worldwide, many researchers are fascinated from the rich physics of se- conductor quantum dots (QDs) and their high potential for applications in photonics and quantum information technology. QDs are nanometer-sized three-dimensional structures which con?ne electrons and holes in dimensions oftheircorrespondingDeBrogliewavelength.Asaresult,theenergylevelsare quantized and for that reason they are also often referred as arti?cial atoms. Epitaxially grown QDs which are the subject of this book are...

Discussing strategies to determine the structure and machanisms of numerous compound classics, this book covers new chemical and elctrophoretic techniques for rapid sample preconcentration and separation. It summarizes breakthroughs in the theory and instrumentation of electrospray mass spectrometry in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, provides practical examples for the characterization of peptides, proteins, and glycoproteins, includes applications in proteomics, combinatorial chemis...

Provides comprehensive coverage of laser-induced ionization processes for mass spectrometry analysis Drawing on the expertise of the leading academic and industrial research groups involved in the development of photoionization methods for mass spectrometry, this reference for analytical scientists covers both the theory and current applications of photo-induced ionization processes. It places widely used techniques such as MALDI side by side with more specialist approaches such as REMPI and RIM...

Published on the occasion of Theodor Hansch's 60th Birthday emphasis is placed on precision related to results in a variety of fields, such as atomic clocks, frequency standards, and the measurement of physical constants in atomic physics. Furthermore, illustrations and engineering applications of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics are widely covered. It has contributions by Nobel prize winners Norman F. Ramsey, Steven Chu, and Carl E. Wieman.

The recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity has resulted in a remarkable growth in the amount of research and the number of researchers working in this exciting field. Superconductivity is not a new phenomenon: in 1991 it will be 80 years old. Even though it was the newer discoveries which motivated us to write this book, the book itself is mainly a description of the fundamentals of the phenomenon. The book is written for a very broad audience, including students, engin­ eers, te...

Explores relationships between spectroscopic findings and physical properties of polymers. Thirty-five chapters are divided into six sections covering fundamental concepts in FT-IR, FT-Raman, fluorescence spectroscopy and FT-Mass Spectrometry of polymers; crystalline polymers and copolymers; surfaces and interfaces of polymers; spectroscopic approaches to polymers in solutions and polymer networks; spectroscopy combined with thermally induced processes in polymers; and polymer analysis and surfa...

The collisions of neutral or charged gaseous particles with solid surfaces govern many physical and chemical phenomena, as has been The gas/solid phenomena in turn depend on a recognized for a long time. great variety of processes such as the charge transfer of the gas/solid interface, adsorption and desorption, the energy transfer between an incident particle and the surface, etc. Our knowledge of these processes, however, is only fragmentary. This is partly due to the difficulty in adequately...

With the award of a Nobel Prize in 1986 to Binnig and Rohrer for their invention of the scanning tunneling microscope, the field of scanning microscopy was given a strong boost. Microscopic techniques are used not only for research work in material and life science but also for routine applications in almost all vital sectors of everyday life. The demand for better understanding of materials and of all aspects of human life initiated an ongoing development of improved microscopic techniques. In...

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific aud...

Fundamentals of III-V Semiconductor MOSFETs presents the fundamentals and current status of research of compound semiconductor metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) that are envisioned as a future replacement of silicon in digital circuits. The material covered begins with a review of specific properties of III-V semiconductors and available technologies making them attractive to MOSFET technology, such as band-engineered heterostructures, effect of strain, nanoscale contr...

Laser spectroscopy is a valuable tool for sensing and chemical analysis. Developments in lasers, detectors and mathematical analytical tools have led to improvements in the sensitivity and selectivity of spectroscopic techniques and extended their fields of application. Laser Spectroscopy for Sensing examines these advances and how laser spectroscopy can be used in a diverse range of industrial, medical, and environmental applications. Part one reviews basic concepts of atomic and molecular p...

The most comprehensive resource available on the many applications of portable spectrometers, including material not found in any other published work Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Volume Two is an authoritative and up-to-date compendium of the diverse applications for portable spectrometers across numerous disciplines. Whereas Volume One focuses on the specific technologies of the portable spectrometers themselves, Volume Two explores the use of portable instruments in wide range of f...

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is widely used in biophysical research to study the structure, dynamics, energetics, and interactions of proteins and nucleic acids. As the power of spectrometers increase, so do the potential applications of NMR as a research tool. This book provides a clear and rigorous picture of the connection of NMR observables to biomolecular structure, motion and energetics. It illustrates important biophysical principles using both simple examples and clear p...

This book originated out of a desire to combine topics on vibrational absorption, Raman scattering, vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and Raman optical activity (VROA) into one source. The theoretical details of these processes are presented in ten different chapters. Using dispersive and Fourier transform techniques, the instrumentation involved in these spectral measurements are given in three chapters. Major emphasis is placed on the newer techniques, i.e. VCD and VROA, with the convention...

The need for reliable data on thermophysical and thermal optical properties of solid materials grows continually and increasingly. Existing property data, except for selected pure elements and for some simple alloys and compounds, are often not reliable, so in many cases the need for correct and acceptably accurate information can only be met through the measurement of a given property. The measurement-that is, the selection of the measurement method, building or purchase of the apparatus, and t...

The operation of semiconductor devices depends upon the use of electrical potential barriers (such as gate depletion) in controlling the carrier densities (electrons and holes) and their transport. Although a successful device design is quite complicated and involves many aspects, the device engineering is mostly to devise a "best" device design by defIning optimal device structures and manipulating impurity profIles to obtain optimal control of the carrier flow through the device. This becomes...