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Now available directly from: IIE11 Dupont Circle, NWWashington, DC 20036Tel: (202) 328-9000Economic sanctions have become an increasingly central tool of United States foreign policy. Recently, doubts have been raised-both at home and abroad-as to whether sanctions are effective in meeting their avowed foreign policy objectives, or even their domestic policy goals. These concerns, influenced primarily by recent experience with the Soviet grain embargo and pipeline sanctions, have rekindled congr...

Aid for Trade at a Glance focuses on trade connectivity, which is critical for economic growth, inclusiveness and sustainable development. Physical connectivity enables the movement of goods and services to local, regional and global markets. It is closely intertwined with digital connectivity which is vital in today's trade environment. Yet, the Internet remains inaccessible for 3.9 billion people globally, many of whom live in the least developed countries. The report builds on the analysis o...

The "Evolution of the Trade Regime" offers a comprehensive political-economic history of the development of the world's multilateral trade institutions, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO). While other books confine themselves to describing contemporary GATT/WTO legal rules or analyzing their economic logic, this is the first to explain the logic and development behind these rules. The book begins by examining the institutions'...

The 2020 edition provides comprehensive information on the tariffs and non-tariff measures imposed by over 170 countries and customs territories. It is a joint publication of the WTO, the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Tariff data are presented in comparative tables indicating, among other things, the average "bound" or maximum tariff each economy may apply to its imports and the average tariff it applies in practice. A one-...

Standards and regulations are an integral, if easily overlooked, part of our daily life. They determine whether a plug fits into a socket, whether food is safe for human consumption or whether a bank is allowed to take deposits. They are also an indispensable part of international trade. Using new evidence from ITC databases, this report reveals how standards and regulations are holding SME competitiveness back, but crucially, what SMEs and other stakeholders can do to make standards and regulat...

The law of balance is not just a motivating power but also serves the purpose of development. How did human society develop in a balanced manner in history? How is China's Modernization impacted by the law of equilibrium? How does the law of balance affect China's economic and trade relations with other countries?This book attempts to answer these questions and more. It applies the balance law methodology to systematically analyze major factors influencing the sustainable development of the Chin...

For Free Movement Brian Barry and Robert E. Goodin have assembled an international team of leading philosophers, economists, political theorists, and specialists in international relations to examine an issue that is increasingly coming to dominate work politics: the flow of people and money across national boundaries. More and more people would like to migrate, but find that every state places barriers in their way. At the same time, most governments not only permit but court foreign investme...

In recent years, globalisation and trade openings have become increasingly contentious. This book aims to fill a gap in the market by guiding the users through the main sources of data and the most useful empirical tools for trade and trade policy analysis in an applied, real-world context. This approach builds on the comparative advantage of the authoring organisations - the WTO and UNCTAD - both of which have a strong policy focus. It quantifies trade flows and trade policies, presents the gra...

This book addresses two key questions: What impact can international trade rules on services have on the design and pursuit of domestic regulatory decisions? How can such negotiations be harnessed to promote and consolidate domestic policy reform? This timely volume offers contributions from many of the world's leading experts on trade on services.

The Regional Conference "Blue Growth in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: developing sustainable aquaculture for food security" was held in Bari, Italy, from 9 to 11 December 2014. It was organized by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in collaboration with the Italian Presidency of the Council of the European Union, the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MiPAAF) and the...

In April 1997, Egyptian President Mubarak and U.S. Vice President Gore agreed to explore the possibility of creating a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Egypt and the United States. The very idea of such an agreement has been met by controversy and skepticism from critics in both countries. The authors of this book, however, believe that the case for considering an FTA between the U.S. and Egypt rests on solid economic and political grounds. An agreement could help promote Egyptian economic ref...

In this book, Edward J. Lincoln tackles the thorny issue of U.S. trade relations with Japan, the subject of so much tension in the 1990s. In so doing, he builds on his earlier Brookings book, Japan's Unequal Trade. Lincoln argues that statistical evidence shows only modest progress in diminishing Japan's "distinctiveness." Despite an upturn in the mid-1990s, import penetration, intra-industry trade, and inward foreign direct investment all remain low relative to most other nations. High profile...

As Brexit reaches its final stretch, find a way to laugh through the pain and or celebrate the end with Ladybird's hilarious and essential guide, The Story of Brexit.'Hilarious' STYLIST________'"Leaving was the will of the people" sighs Angelica's father. He voted to leave.Angelica voted to remain, but she feels the same way. "It is the will of the people," she sighs.They stare at the ducks. They like the ducks. Ducks are better than people.'________'Brexit gave us lots of exciting new words, li...

The European Union, the world's foremost trader, is not an easy bargainer to deal with. Its twenty-five member states have relinquished most of their sovereignty in trade to the supranational level, and in international commercial negotiations, such as those conducted under the World Trade Organization, the EU speaks with a 'single voice'. This single voice has enabled the Brussels-based institution to impact the distributional outcomes of international trade negotiations and shape the global po...

Studying the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) through the lens of international relations (IR) theory, Chen argues that it is inappropriate to treat the AIIB as either a revisionist or a complementary institution. Instead, the bank is still evolving and the interaction of power, interests, and status that will determine whether the bank will go wild. Theoretically, the current shape of the AIIB will influence global strategic conditions and global perceptions of the bank itself, cons...

This extensive collection, skillfully edited by David Deese, provides a comprehensive overview of the politics of international trade in the contemporary era. Bringing together an unusually diverse group of scholars from multiple disciplines, approaches, and countries, the volume examines trade both on its own terms and in relation to a host of other topics, including human rights, the environment, the internet, and more. Essential reading for experts and students alike.'- David A. Lake, Univers...