Recent Advances in the Analysis of Genetic Traits
This special issue of Human Heredity celebrates the 30th anniversary of the seminal method for quantitative linkage analysis developed by Joseph K. Haseman and Robert C. Elston. The editors invited nine peer-reviewed contributions from respected researchers in the field which present new methods and review relevant topics that in one way or another expand on the framework of the Haseman-Elston (HE) method. The new methods described include - adding further power to the HE method for detecting l...
Whaiora: Maori Health Development gives a historical account of the major changes in Maori health status and the reasons for those changes. Maori leadership in health and participation in the health services form part of a recurrent theme which links advances in health to advances in other aspects of Maori development. Practitioners, students, and those interested in sociology, anthropology, history, Maori studies. Health professionals (medical and management staff, nurses) and health students (...
Making Sense of AIDS
In Melanesia, rates of HIV infection are among the highest in the Pacific and increasing rapidly, with grave humanitarian, development, and political implications. There is a great need for social research on HIV/AIDS in the region to provide better insights into the sensitive issues surrounding HIV transmission. This collection, the first book on HIV and AIDS in the Pacific region, gathers together stunning and original accounts of the often surprising ways that people make sense of the AIDS ep...
Epidemiological studies show that cancer incidence is far more dependent on the conditions of life than previously supposed. Classically, cancers occurred with heavy exposure to a specific occupational hazard, or were associated with habits. In some instances, research shows, the incidence of cancer falls when the method of work or the associated habit is changed. In short, variation in incidence is now known to be the rule rather than the exception in cancer. No cancer that occurs with even mod...
Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation in den Sozial- und Humanwissenschaften (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Nicola Doering and Jurgen Bortz
Der Klassiker zu den Forschungsmethoden – rundum erneuert, didaktisch verbessert und aktueller denn je! Dieses Buch ist ein fundierter und verlässlicher Begleiter für Studierende, Forschende und Berufstätige – da ist alles drin:Grundlagen: Wissenschaftstheorie, Qualitätskriterien sowie ethische Aspekte.Anwendung: Alle Phasen des Forschungsprozesses von der Festlegung des Forschungsthemas, des Untersuchungsdesigns und der Operationalisierung über Stichprobenziehung, Datenerhebungs- und Datenanaly...
Bayesian Disease Mapping (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
by Andrew B. Lawson
Focusing on data commonly found in public health databases and clinical settings, Bayesian Disease Mapping: Hierarchical Modeling in Spatial Epidemiology provides an overview of the main areas of Bayesian hierarchical modeling and its application to the geographical analysis of disease. The book explores a range of topics in Bayesian inference and modeling, including Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, Gibbs sampling, the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, goodness-of-fit measures, and residual diagn...
This report offers an overview of the challenges and opportunities in addressing the problem of HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean. It provides a snapshot of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the region, gives examples of ways in which Caribbean countries and regional bodies such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) have responded to the epidemic, and discusses alternative actions for addressing the crisis. This book also highlights a range of strategies for donor coordination and cooperation in the region.
The Black Death is the name most commonly given to the pandemic of bubonic plague that ravaged the medieval world in the late 1340s. From Central Asia the plague swept through Europe, leaving millions of dead in its wake. Between a quarter and a third of Europe's population died. In England the population fell from nearly six million to just over three million. The Black Death was the greatest demographic disaster in European history. In this Pocket Essential, Sean Martin looks at the origins of...
Inoculating Cities
Inoculating Cities: Case Studies of Urban Pandemic Preparedness begins with a brief historical description of infectious disease outbreaks in cities as well as an overview of infectious disease outbreaks since 2000 that hold profound implications for cities and urban environments – such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, H1N1 influenza in 2009, Ebola virus in 2014, Zika virus in 2015, and more recently, COVID-19 in 2020. Each of these outbreaks affected different geographies of...
Poverty & Children
Poverty, while not a disease process, is well-known to have far-reaching effects on the health of children and adolescents. In developing countries, poverty is associated with inadequate shelter, unsafe water and inadequate nutrition, leading to increased rates of infectious diseases, including malaria and diarreal illnesses, as well as increased rates of infant and maternal mortality. Even in wealthy, industrialised countries, poverty negatively impacts on child health, starting life with incre...
Biostatistical Methods in Epidemiology (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics)
by Stephen C Newman
Competition for research funds in epidemiology, preventative medicine, and biostatistics has never been more intense and, at the same time, the grant application and review process at such agencies as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is undergoing significant transformation. Writing Dissertation and Grant Proposals: Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics targets effective grant proposal writing in this highly competitive and evolving environment. Covering all aspects of the p...
David Eltis has observed that "in terms of immigration, America was an extension of Africa rather than Europe until late in the 19th century." The unwilling African immigrants were not spread evenly across the Americas; the overwhelming majority arrived in tropical and subtropical "plantation America" with the result that the disease and nutritional environments of this region also became extensions of Africa. While the implications of disease ecology for world history have been examined, and th...
Statistical methods are becoming more important in all biological fields of study. Biometry deals with the application of mathematical techniques to the quantitative study of varying characteristics of organisms, populations, species, etc. This book uses examples based on genuine data carefully chosen by the author for their special biological significance. The chapters cover a broad spectrum of topics and bridge the gap between introductory biological statistics and advanced approaches s...
Lifetime Data: Models in Reliability and Survival Analysis
Statistical models and methods for lifetime and other time-to-event data are widely used in many fields, including medicine, the environmental sciences, actuarial science, engineering, economics, management, and the social sciences. For example, closely related statistical methods have been applied to the study of the incubation period of diseases such as AIDS, the remission time of cancers, life tables, the time-to-failure of engineering systems, employment duration, and the length of ma...
Survival Analysis with Interval-Censored Data (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
by Kris Bogaerts, Arnost Komarek, and Emmanuel Lesaffre
Survival Analysis with Interval-Censored Data: A Practical Approach with Examples in R, SAS, and BUGS provides the reader with a practical introduction into the analysis of interval-censored survival times. Although many theoretical developments have appeared in the last fifty years, interval censoring is often ignored in practice. Many are unaware of the impact of inappropriately dealing with interval censoring. In addition, the necessary software is at times difficult to trace. This book fills...
Analysis of Incidence Rates (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics)
by Peter Cummings
Incidence rates are counts divided by person-time; mortality rates are a well-known example. Analysis of Incidence Rates offers a detailed discussion of the practical aspects of analyzing incidence rates. Important pitfalls and areas of controversy are discussed. The text is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and analysts in the disciplines of epidemiology, biostatistics, social sciences, economics, and psychology. Features: Compares and contrasts incidence rates with risks, odds, and ha...
Networked Disease (IJURR Studies in Urban and Social Change Book, #45)
A collection of writings by leading experts and newer researchers on the SARS outbreak and its relation to infectious disease management in progressively global and urban societies. Presents original contributions by scholars from seven countries on four continentsConnects newer thinking on global cities, networks, and governance in a post-national era of public health regulations and neo-liberalization of state servicesProvides an important contribution to the global public debate on the chall...
Biological Data Analysis (A Practical Approach, #115)
Many biologists remain unfamiliar with statistical analysis and modelling, yet need to apply these techniques increasingly in their research. This volume describes how to analyze biological data, with commonly available software packages, without making errors which can invalidate results. Practical guidance is offered on planning the right strategies for various statistical approaches and modelling problems, and on interpreting the results. Many examples of computer commands and ouput are given...