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"Based on the International Conference on Optimal Control of Differential Equations held recently at Ohio University, Athens, this Festschrift to honor the sixty-fifth birthday of Constantin Corduneanu an outstanding researcher in differential and integral equations provides in-depth coverage of recent advances, applications, and open problems relevant to mathematics and physics. Introduces new results as well as novel methods and techniques!"

Radiolaria are a very diverse marine siliceous microplankton group that have existed at least snice the Cambrian to the recent. This volume gives a representative view of research topics discussed at the 10th International Meeting of Radiolarian Palaeontologists. The articles of this volume cover mainly radiolarian biochronology and radiolarian fauna changes.

This book provides a complete exposition of equidistribution and counting problems weighted by a potential function of common perpendicular geodesics in negatively curved manifolds and simplicial trees. Avoiding any compactness assumptions, the authors extend the theory of Patterson-Sullivan, Bowen-Margulis and Oh-Shah (skinning) measures to CAT(-1) spaces with potentials. The work presents a proof for the equidistribution of equidistant hypersurfaces to Gibbs measures, and the equidistribution...

The differential geometric formulation of analytical mechanics not only offers a new insight into Mechanics, but also provides a more rigorous formulation of its physical content from a mathematical viewpoint.Topics covered in this volume include differential forms, the differential geometry of tangent and cotangent bundles, almost tangent geometry, symplectic and pre-symplectic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms, tensors and connections on manifolds, and geometrical aspects of variational an...

This book is an introduction to modern methods of symplectic topology. It is devoted to explaining the solution of an important problem originating from classical mechanics: the 'Arnold conjecture', which asserts that the number of 1-periodic trajectories of a non-degenerate Hamiltonian system is bounded below by the dimension of the homology of the underlying manifold.The first part is a thorough introduction to Morse theory, a fundamental tool of differential topology. It defines the Morse com...

This is the third, substantially revised edition of this important monograph. The book is concerned with Kac-Moody algebras, a particular class of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, and their representations. It is based on courses given over a number of years at MIT and in Paris, and is sufficiently self-contained and detailed to be used for graduate courses. Each chapter begins with a motivating discussion and ends with a collection of exercises, with hints to the more challenging problems.

An important question in geometry and analysis is to know when two k-forms f and g are equivalent through a change of variables. The problem is therefore to find a map so that it satisfies the pullback equation: *(g) = f. In more physical terms, the question under consideration can be seen as a problem of mass transportation. The problem has received considerable attention in the cases k = 2 and k = n, but much less when 3 k n-1. The present monograph provides the first comprehensive...

This volume resulted from presentations given at the international "Brainstorming Workshop on New Developments in Discrete Mechanics, Geometric Integration and Lie-Butcher Series", that took place at the Instituto de Ciencias Matematicas (ICMAT) in Madrid, Spain. It combines overview and research articles on recent and ongoing developments, as well as new research directions. Why geometric numerical integration? In their article of the same title Arieh Iserles and Reinout Quispel, two renowne...

In this text, integral geometry deals with Radon's problem of representing a function on a manifold in terms of its integrals over certain submanifolds-hence the term the Radon transform. Examples and far-reaching generalizations lead to fundamental problems such as: (i) injectivity, (ii) inversion formulas, (iii) support questions, (iv) applications (e.g., to tomography, partial di erential equations and group representations). For the case of the plane, the inversion theorem and the support t...

Several well-established geometric and topological methods are used in this work in an application to a beautiful physical phenomenon known as the geometric phase. This book examines the geometric phase, bringing together different physical phenomena under a unified mathematical scheme. The material is presented so that graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics and physics with an understanding of classical and quantum mechanics can handle the text.

This book addresses an important class of mathematical problems (the Riemann problem) for first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs), which arise when modeling wave propagation in applications such as fluid dynamics, traffic flow, acoustics, and elasticity. It covers the fundamental ideas related to classical Riemann solutions, including their special structure and the types of waves that arise, as well as the ideas behind fast approximate solvers for the Riemann problem. The...

This book provides an up-to-date presentation of homogeneous pseudo-Riemannian structures, an essential tool in the study of pseudo-Riemannian homogeneous spaces. Benefiting from large symmetry groups, these spaces are of high interest in Geometry and Theoretical Physics. Since the seminal book by Tricerri and Vanhecke, the theory of homogeneous structures has been considerably developed and many applications have been found. The present work covers a gap in the literature of more than 35 years...

With linear algebra and vector calculus as pre-requisites, the first part of this textbook presents an introduction to the geometry of graphs, encompassing the concepts of normal curvature, sectional curvature, Ricci curvature, and Gaussian curvature. The second part of the book provides background statistical concepts and basic models that form the fundamental knowledge necessary for better comprehension of the concept of local influence; while the third part focuses on the application of diffe...

The study of surfaces with constant mean curvature (CMC) is one of the main topics in classical differential geometry. Moreover, CMC surfaces are important mathematical models for the physics of interfaces in the absence of gravity, where they separate two different media or for capillary phenomena. Further, as most techniques used in the theory of CMC surfaces not only involve geometric methods but also PDE and complex analysis, the theory is also of great interest for many other mathematical f...

Since the year 2000, we have witnessed several outstanding results in geometry that have solved long-standing problems such as the Poincaré conjecture, the Yau–Tian–Donaldson conjecture, and the Willmore conjecture. There are still many important and challenging unsolved problems including, among others, the Strominger–Yau–Zaslow conjecture on mirror symmetry, the relative Yau–Tian–Donaldson conjecture in Kähler geometry, the Hopf conjecture, and the Yau conjecture on the first eigenvalue of an...

This text is intended to introduce researchers and graduate students with a solid background in Lie theory to the concepts of causal symmetric spaces. The authors intend also to make the basic results and their proofs available and to describe some important lines of research in the field. To date, results of recent studies considered "standard" by specialists have not been widely published. This book seeks to bring this information to students and researchers in geometry and analysis on causal...

These lecturers provide a clear introduction to Lie group methods for determining and using symmetries of differential equations, a variety of their applications in gas dynamics and other nonlinear models as well as the author's remarkable contribution to this classical subject. It contains material that is useful for students and teachers but cannot be found in modern texts. For example, the theory of partially invariant solutions developed by Ovsyannikov provides a powerful tool for solving sy...

Mathematicians working in global analysis and/or minimal surface theory.