Christopher DeCharms is a cognitive neuroscientist at the Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience at the University of California, San Francisco. His work focuses on how perceptions, thoughts, and subjective experiences can arise from the biological machinations of the brain. This question centers on what it is to be aware, both at the level of experience and at the level of the underlying neural processes. He has also investigated the understanding of mind arising from the traditions of Tibetan medicine and Tibetan phychology by working and studing with a number of Tibetan physicians and lamas.