Lawrence Baum is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Ohio State University. He did his undergraduate work at San Francisco State College and his graduate work at the University of Wisconsin. His teaching and research focus on courts in the United States, with a special interest in the Supreme Court. He is author of Ideology in the Supreme Court (2017), Specializing the Courts (2011), and Judges and Their Audiences (2006) and co-author of Battle Over the Court (2017). He has also published articles on a range of subjects in political science and law journals. He has received the Lifetime Achievement Award and the Teaching and Mentoring Award from the Law and Courts Section of the American Political Science Association and the Alumni Award for Distinguished Teaching and University Distinguished Scholar Award from Ohio State University.