E. R. HOOTON was a defence journalist for twenty-eight years and has written for most of the major publications on a wide variety of subjects. The author has written some twelve books mostly on aviation history including several on the Luftwaffe and the first history of air operations over the Western Front in some fifty years. In addition, Hooton has written on the Chinese Civil War, the Tanker War and Russian operations during the Purges. He is a member of the British Commission for Military History and the Royal United Services Institution.