Clarence Taylor is Professor Emeritus of History at Baruch College, CUNY, and author of Fight the Power: African Americans and the Long History of Police Brutality in New York City (NYU Press, 2018), Reds at the Blackboard: Communism, Civil Rights and the New York City Teachers Union (Columbia, 2013), and Civil Rights Since 1787: A Reader on the Black Struggle (NYU Press, 2000).