Beth A. Berkowitz is Ingeborg Rennert Chair of Jewish Studies and Professor in the Department of Religion at Barnard College, New York. She is author of Execution and Invention: Death Penalty Discourse in Early Rabbinic and Christian Cultures (2006, winner of the Salo Baron Prize for First Book in Jewish Studies) and Defining Jewish Difference: From Antiquity to the Present (Cambridge, 2012). She is also co-editor of Religious Studies and Rabbinics: A Conversation (forthcoming).