Claire Bishop is Associate Professor in the History of Art department at the CUNY Graduate Center, New York. She is the author of Installation Art: A Critical History; Artificial Hells: Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship; and editor of Participation. in 2008 she co-curated the exhibition "Double Agent" at the ICA. She is a regular contributor to Artforum, October, Tate Etc, IDEA, and other international art magazines.