Martin Jay is Sidney Hellman Ehrman Professor of History Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught Modern European Intellectual History and Critical Theory for forty-five years. Among his works are The Dialectical Imagination (1973 and 1996), Marxism and Totality (1984); Adorno (1984); Permanent Exiles (1985), Fin-de-siècle Socialism (1989); Force Fields (1993);Downcast Eyes (1993); Cultural Semantics (1998); Refractions of Violence (2004); Songs of Experience (2005); The Virtues of Mendacity (2010), Essays from the Edge (2011); Kracauer: l'exilé (2014); and Reason After Its Eclipse (2016). He has been a regular columnist for Salmagundi since 1987.